Key tenents of academic writing
Derived from Graff and Birkenstein’s crazy-helpful They Say, I Say
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Introducing Gaps in the Existing Research
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Verbs for making a claim | ||||
Argue | Assert | Believe | Claim | Emphasize |
Insist | Observe | Remind us | Report | Suggests |
Verbs for expressing agreement | ||||
Acknowledge | Agree | Endorse | Extol | Praise |
Verbs for agreement | ||||
Celebrate the act that | Corroborate | Do not deny | Reaffirm | Support |
Verify |
Verbs for questioning or disagreeing | ||||
Complain | Complicate | Contend | Contradict | Deny |
Deplore the tendency to | Qualify | Question | Refute | Reject |
Renounce | Repudiate |
Verbs for Recommendations | ||||
Advocate | Call for | Demand | Encourage | Exhort |
Implore | Plead | Recommend | Urge | Warn |
Transitions
For ADDING IDEAS:
also another in fact equally important moreover
furthermore additionally indeed in addition
For MAKING A CONTRAST:
however nevertheless although conversely
on the contrary notwithstanding even though all the same
on the other hand by contrast nonetheless
For COMPARING:
likewise equally along the same lines
similarly in comparison in the same way
For CITING AN EXAMPLE:
for example in other words in fact
for instance specifically after all
as an illustration consider
For SHOWING RESULTS:
accordingly hence consequently
as a result thus therefore
For REINFORCING AN IDEA:
especially important above all most noteworthy
especially relevant a significant factor most of all
For ELABORATING (expanding upon a point):
actually by extension to put it another way
to put it bluntly in short to put it succinctly
in other words ultimately basically
For CONCEDING A POINT:
admittedly of course although it is true that
naturally granted to be sure
For CONCLUDING:
clearly hence consequently
obviously therefore thus
in short all in all